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                <text>The Christian Soldier, a sermon by Charles Wadsworth</text>
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                <text>United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865&#13;
Sermons</text>
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                <text>This sermon was preached at the beginning of the Civil War by Charles Wadsworth, a minister proclaimed by Emily Dickinson to be "My Shepherd from 'Little Girl'hood'." Dickinson had heard him preach at the Arch Street Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia during a trip to Washington to visit her father, who was a congressman at the time. She and Lavinia (her sister) stayed for two weeks with the Coleman family (cousins) who attended the Arch Street Church where Wadsworth was minister. The Colemans mailed copies of his sermons to Dickinson in the years following.</text>
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                <text>Necessities of the war and the conditions of success in it, a sermon</text>
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Sermons&#13;
Amherst (Mass.)</text>
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                <text>"A sermon preached in the Village Church, before the College and the united Congregations of the town of Amherst, Mass., on the National Fast Day, Thursday, September 26, 1861."&#13;
&#13;
Sermon preached by Rev. William A. Stearns, president of Amherst College.&#13;
&#13;
Two weeks after the disastrous Union defeat at the first Bull Run (July 21, 1861), Congress requested, and Lincoln proclaimed, a national Fast Day, "a day of public prayer, humiliation, and fasting, to be observed by the people of the United States with religious solemnities, and the offering of fervent supplications to Almighty God for the safety and welfare of these States, his blessings on their arms, and a speedy restoration of peace."&#13;
&#13;
This sermon was the big event in Amherst to commemorate the national fast day.&#13;
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                <text>An appeal from Kenyon L. Butterfield, president of Massachusetts Agricultural College, calling for young people to come and learn to become leaders in the open country. Includes sections named A Call for Leaders, The Country Boy's Creed, and A Public Service Institution, as well as a photograph of a snowy lane at the College.</text>
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              <text>N. Carpenter&#13;
Amherst, MA &#13;
&#13;
Miss Susan Remis&#13;
Dudley, Mass&#13;
&#13;
							Amherst July 15, 1822&#13;
&#13;
Dear Susan-&#13;
&#13;
With evry sentiment of&#13;
respect and gratitude, I resume the pen of affection&#13;
to consecrate a woman to the pleasuring employment&#13;
of addressing my absent friend.  I recevd your kind letter&#13;
by the hand of Uncle F which gave me the greatest pleasure&#13;
to hear from your family, and that you enjoyed good health.&#13;
I hope My Dear Susan will excuse me for not writing&#13;
before when I tell her the reason of it. I have so much to&#13;
do, that I can hardly get time to eat, or to sleep, I have&#13;
to write composition evry week half a yard long besides&#13;
I have drawn a map of the world-finished it last week&#13;
my studies are Geography, grammer, Rhetorick, history.&#13;
Miss Tyler had 43 schollars that attended her writing&#13;
school I was one of the numbers I assure Susan I have&#13;
been as busy as hen with one chicken the school is very&#13;
pleasant her number of scholars is 140 all kinds of&#13;
faces that one ever saw, they are from all part of the&#13;
country  40 Ladies three that board with me are from&#13;
Canada. We have very pleasant walks and some&#13;
beautiful rides on horseback we ride far as the&#13;
famous Connecticut River how delightful.  I wish&#13;
you were here to go with us how pleasant would it be.&#13;
The bell rings and I must run. &#13;
&#13;
page 2&#13;
&#13;
Monday afternoon.  I want to see you very much. I think&#13;
of you more and more evry Day. Give my love to your Sister&#13;
tell her I should like to have some of her good drops when I&#13;
have the headache no medicine that I have taken has done&#13;
me so much good the effects, as powerful.  Pleas to give&#13;
my compliments to Mr. Bemis tell him that I have not&#13;
had my roasted apples since I left Dudley. My health&#13;
is very good, is improving every day. I am most as large as&#13;
Miss Reyes--?. You would be astonished to see me if you ask Wille--?&#13;
he will tell you the same.  Write soon and tell me all&#13;
the news you must write all you think of and do, I hope.&#13;
you will excuse my nonsense for while I am writing I can&#13;
se you before me I write as if you were present. give my&#13;
love to Caroline &amp; tell her she must write me soon and let&#13;
me know where Mr Arnold is and the Lyon &amp;c.&#13;
give my love to Uncle &amp; Aunt. tell you sister I should be&#13;
very happy to have her write me and I will answer her&#13;
with the greatest pleasure.  Dear Susan, you must be a&#13;
good girl till I come write soon and you will oblige your&#13;
Friend.  I had almost forgotten to tell you how we&#13;
celebrated 4th of July. We expected to have a tea party but&#13;
it is not long since we had one and thought it not best&#13;
we had an oration delivered by one of the College students&#13;
in the Academy &amp; after tea, all the Ladies that belonged to&#13;
the school took a walk all dressed in white, we had a&#13;
delightful time I wish you were here to go with us. It is one of the&#13;
pleasantest places that I was ever in.  I should write more but my&#13;
paper is full. this from your affectionate Friend, N. Carpenter&#13;
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Amherst (Mass.)</text>
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                <text>Letter from Amherst Academy student, N. Carpenter, to her friend Susan in Dudley, Mass., describing the curriculum, the number of students, Fourth of July and other recreation activities.</text>
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              <text> Amherst College Tuesday eve Feb  1843&#13;
Dear sister Lucy,&#13;
                                                   Here I am (8 oâ€™clock) with my table before&#13;
the fire, seated in an armchair, an â€œold arm chairâ€ that has&#13;
been in college long enough to tell a great many college stories&#13;
if it had the gift of speech. And suppose I should just&#13;
describe to you the table I am writing upon â€“ well then it is a&#13;
common pine table oblong in shape three feet one way &amp; two feet&#13;
(wanting three inches) the other. on the side of the table from&#13;
the fire is the first vol. of Scottâ€™s Commentary â€“ at one end of that&#13;
is a copy of the Village Hymns &amp; at the other end another small&#13;
book (Beauties of Jude Story). Before the Bible is a tumbler&#13;
containing shot, buttons, pencils, pens, scissors, knife, letter folder&#13;
sealing wax, &amp; court--? plaster; also (on each side of the tumbler) a&#13;
sand box &amp; a sort of wooden cup containing seals, wafers, wax &amp;&#13;
four cents; also (before the tumbler) my inkstand &amp; pen wiper.&#13;
before the whole my lamps &amp; pen wiper â€“ at one end (east)&#13;
of the table I am sitting with my paper upon the portfolio&#13;
made by your hands. side of the portfolio is the little book with&#13;
with the pasteboard cover, which (by the way) is now pretty&#13;
much filled. So now, I think you must have a pretty deffinite&#13;
idea of my table. I am alone, &amp; tis very still, only the fire is&#13;
singing a curious song â€“ the fire â€“ not a great fire in a great&#13;
big place like the one you are sitting before, but a little fire&#13;
(two sticks &amp; a brand) in a little fire frame two feet &amp; two inches&#13;
high â€“ fire enough to keep warm such a night as this; &amp; it&#13;
&#13;
page 2&#13;
&#13;
is really quite a comfortable looking place. I donâ€™t believe&#13;
there is another room in college that would look so pleasant&#13;
at least to me, as this. Just now B Sanford who sent his&#13;
love to you is here though I donâ€™t stop writing &amp; would&#13;
like quite as well to see you &amp; by the way if you should&#13;
soon I could treat you for I just bought 2 cts worth of&#13;
molasses candy of a great negro. but you are getting tired&#13;
with this. Let me tell you that I belong to a singing school.&#13;
We got a first rate teacher, whom we pay a dollar a peice, a first&#13;
rate class &amp; c. We meet twice a week (an hour each time) for the&#13;
rest of this term &amp; a part of next. Iâ€™m going to see if I canâ€™t make&#13;
out that mother was mistaken when she said I couldnâ€™t&#13;
make a singer. I sing sometimes down to Mrs. Cooleyâ€™s &amp; I think&#13;
I improve a little, but very slowly. And yet I think I can sing&#13;
a great deal better than I could a year ago; or rather perhaps&#13;
I donâ€™t sing so bad now as I did then.&#13;
                 Were any of the Millerites in your neighborhood expecting&#13;
the world would beging to burn the 15th of this month. About not&#13;
quite (perhaps) all of those about Amherst did. there are a&#13;
very few if any Millerites in Amherst, but in a number of&#13;
the neighboring there are a great many (or at least have been until&#13;
the 15th I donâ€™t know how it is now); In some places it has&#13;
absorbed all thought &amp; business. In some places expecting&#13;
to be caught up into the air on the 15, they had made their&#13;
white robes! actually &amp; litteraly made their white robes ready&#13;
for ascention &amp; the day before the great day many of them went&#13;
from their own towns to a town not far from here that they&#13;
&#13;
page 3&#13;
&#13;
might be together. In Shrewsbury (one of our scholars, who&#13;
has been teaching there, says) they watched the grave yards.&#13;
One man from Hadley who had a number of children in Amherst&#13;
went through here to collect them. what they say or think&#13;
now I donâ€™t know.    The learned blacksmith from&#13;
Worcester, whom you have often heard of as having acquired&#13;
something like fifty different languages &amp; that too cheifly while&#13;
engaged at his trade, lectured here last week &amp; was very&#13;
interesting (his knowledge of history is really surprising â€“&#13;
He is a smar[t loo]king man &amp; his hands donâ€™t look as if theyâ€™ve&#13;
handled the iron much lately, indeed he has not. he has been&#13;
engaged lately in literary labors lately, translating&#13;
from the German &amp; other languages for the papers, delivering&#13;
lectures before lyceums &amp; c.               I should think from&#13;
your letter you must have fine times at home reading &amp; c. Indeed&#13;
I really think you are about the happiest folks in the world.&#13;
I have written two compositions this term. One of them called&#13;
the â€œSigns of the timesâ€ &amp; the other was on â€œPersonal Influenceâ€&#13;
which last Stockbridge says is about as good as he has heard&#13;
from me although he allows that isnâ€™t saying much-&#13;
     I suppose you know that tomorrow, when you will get&#13;
this letter, is fast day. We shall have none but religious&#13;
exercises &amp; I hope it will be an interesting day. Indeed it&#13;
ought to be when we know so many are praying for us.&#13;
We shall have a prayer meeting in the forenoon which no one&#13;
will be obliged to attend, in the afternoon an exercise (preaching)&#13;
which all will be required to attend as on the Sabbath.&#13;
&#13;
page 4&#13;
&#13;
I expect you have made a mistake in the length of this term. it is&#13;
fifteen weeks I think as you will see by looking on the catalogue&#13;
so that the term is about eight weeks longer. I want to know&#13;
whether or not my History of England is at home. and also to&#13;
know where my French Dictionary is is. Aunt Lucy did have&#13;
it. We study French here next term.  I suppose you&#13;
have first rate sleighing as it is here. and to day or this morning&#13;
is a most beautiful one. I must send love enought to last&#13;
three weeks I hope Mothers eyes have become good enough to&#13;
read this. So good bye sweet sister &amp; good by all.&#13;
                                                                                       Brother Abel&#13;
&#13;
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                  <text>Edgar Scott (1857-1940) was a photographer and printer in the Amherst and Northampton areas. He was born on Marthaâ€™s Vineyard and, as an Amherst resident, worked in a local hat factory. He took up photography in retirement and was an originator of the picture postcard. He specialized in photographic views of architecture and social events around the Amherst area around the turn of the century. &#13;
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                <text>This structure was built on the site where Noah Webster's house was located during the time he spent in Amherst writing his dictionary (1812-1822). It was built as the Hygeian Hotel. This statement was printed in the Springfield Republican edition of January 15, 1853: "There is a spring in the cellar of the Hygeian Hotel, Amherst, very strongly impregnated with iron, combined with sulfur and magnesia. The flow of water is abundant and unfailing." &#13;
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              <text>To the Rev. Parsons and delegates from the several churches of&#13;
Northampton, Hatfield, Southampton, Williamsburgh, Whately &amp;&#13;
Westhampton in council assembled at Amherst on Monday&#13;
the 30th day of Septr A.D. 1782&#13;
Gentlemen&#13;
In as much as it has been agreeable to your several&#13;
churches to grant our request to them expressed in our ----?&#13;
in appointing you to advise and assist us under our present [disa---?]&#13;
greeable circumstances; we beg leave to lay before you for your&#13;
consideration and advise thereon a more full and particular [account?]&#13;
of the several matters of grievance subsisting in our minds with&#13;
regard to the settlement of Mr. David Parsons as Pastor of the&#13;
Church and Congregation in this town.&#13;
And in the first place we consider ourselves as being treated&#13;
in an unchristian like, and unfair manner by a majority of&#13;
the Church, in that, they have proceeded in a hasty &amp; unbecoming&#13;
way to procure Mr. Parsons to preach here, in the first place&#13;
Contrary to the authority of the town expressed by their vote of&#13;
May 18th, 1781 which was that the -----? be a commentary to&#13;
provide the town with a preacher, soon after which vote was passed&#13;
in town meeting, a member of the church (uneasy as we suppose&#13;
that the -----? by advice of the neighboring ministers&#13;
were about to procure another gentleman in preference to&#13;
Mr. Parsons to supply the pulpit in this town) procured a church&#13;
meeting to be called to prevent the committee appointed by [ye?]&#13;
aforesaid vote of the town from procuring any other person to&#13;
supply the pulpit except Mr. Parsons. Accordingly a church&#13;
meeting was immediately called, and the church without giving&#13;
opportunity to said committee to pursue their -instructions; by&#13;
their votes and influence procured a town meeting, which town&#13;
meeting being called on the 25th day of June 1781, the following&#13;
votes were passed, to wit, that as soon as convenient the town&#13;
will be in a way for the ------? of the gospel ordinances&#13;
among them, 2d that the town are willing to concur with&#13;
the [chh?] in all pro----? measures for the settlement of&#13;
the gospel ministry and ordinances.&#13;
And after having [spoken?] a committee of the town to join&#13;
with the committee of the chh to procure a [settlement?]  of the gospel ordinances in this town. The following -----?&#13;
was ----?, to wit, that the committee be directed to&#13;
employ Mr. David Parsons to supply the pulpit for the&#13;
&#13;
--page 2--&#13;
&#13;
by all which votes and proceedings of the chh and town we are of [opinion?]&#13;
that it was the predeterminate resolution of the majority of the chh&#13;
to have Mr. Parsons the sole candidate for settlement in the&#13;
ministry in this town, altho' afterwards, after a general declaration&#13;
that Mr. Parsons would not consider himself as a candidate for&#13;
the ministry (which we suppose to be a feigned assertion by his&#13;
friends; It was voted by the town December 17th, 1781 that the com&#13;
mittee be directed as soon as may be to procure a candidate for the&#13;
ministry to preach in this town in preference of which direction&#13;
of the town the committee (by advice of a council of ministers&#13;
assembled for the installment of Mr. Strong of Williamsburgh)&#13;
applied to, and procured Mr. Henry Ely to supply the pulpit for&#13;
a short term, which worthy gentleman had not long laboured&#13;
in our service, before it was reported that Mr. Parsons would&#13;
offer himself as a candidate for settlement in the ministry&#13;
Whereupon a meeting was called and a majority of the town&#13;
voted to invite Mr. David Parsons to preach here on probation&#13;
for settlement.. who has supplied the pulpit ever since..by&#13;
which proceedings of the chh and town we consider ourselves&#13;
as injured in that when they knew that more than one third&#13;
part of the town were opposed to Mr. Parsons they refused&#13;
hearing any other candidate, which reasonable request if&#13;
granted might have prevented the uneasiness and troubles now&#13;
now prevailing in this town, the aforesaid request was often made &amp;&#13;
----? for reasons hereafter to be be inserted, but always denied&#13;
with an unbecoming ----? alleging that they were&#13;
the majority, and it must be that the minority must be&#13;
bound by their proceedings&#13;
With regard to Mr. Parsons  As there has been for many years&#13;
past divers disputes and controversies between parties in this&#13;
town relative to political principles in some of which his&#13;
family have taken part, and been interested, we doubt not&#13;
but the gentleman is prejudiced against many of the&#13;
inhabitants of this town, and as these parties still -----?&#13;
in town, we consider him as taking part with, and being&#13;
unreasonably influenced by particular [Parsons?] of the one&#13;
party, and prejudiced against [Parsons?] of the other party;&#13;
Whereas we suppose a minister ought to be free from all&#13;
kinds of prejudice towards the people or any part of them.&#13;
As to his political principles although we are not absolutely &#13;
acquainted with them, yet by his [reservedness?] &amp; manner&#13;
of expression in his public performances, as well as by&#13;
&#13;
--page 3--&#13;
&#13;
some expressions in private conversation we are fully of opinion that &#13;
he is not a friend to the independence of America, and of consequence&#13;
not friendly to those who are opposed to the dominion of Great&#13;
Britain over the United States.&#13;
As to his principles with regard to church government&#13;
and discipline we are at a loss to determine what they are and&#13;
it appears to us by his own conversation that he hath not&#13;
determined for himself what they may be. These matters&#13;
we think, ought to be clearly understood, pointed out and agreed&#13;
upon previous to the settlement of a minister, that we may&#13;
know when we offend, and if an offence be committed, the we&#13;
may know how and in what manner the offender shall&#13;
be tried, convicted, and punished.&#13;
As to ability of body we consider him by reason of&#13;
infirmity to be incabable of [safe?] application to study, and&#13;
thereby rendered unfit to perform the duties appertaining&#13;
to the sacred office.&#13;
Furthermore we consider him more general in&#13;
his observations in public discourse than is profitable to&#13;
enlighten the mind in the doctrines of faith, repentance and&#13;
regeneration. Finally we consider him as unduly influ-&#13;
enced by interest otherwise he would have left us and gone to&#13;
some other parish where he might have settled in peace&#13;
and harmony as it is given out by himself and friends&#13;
that he hath had many such offers, and not have continued in&#13;
this town contrary to the minds of more than a third&#13;
part of it.&#13;
The foregoing and such like considerations lying with&#13;
weight on our mind hath so far alienated our affections and&#13;
esteem from Mr. Parsons as to render him an unprofitable&#13;
and disagreeable preacher to us = We therefore pray you to&#13;
take the premises into your wise consideration and grant us your advice&#13;
assistance and direction respecting the same = wishing you&#13;
that wisdom that is profitable to direct, we are in behalf&#13;
of a large number of the church and inhabitants of the&#13;
town of Amherst, your friends in the fellowship of&#13;
of the gospel&#13;
&#13;
John Billing&#13;
Ebenr Mattoon Jr.&#13;
&#13;
Sept 30th, 1782&#13;
&#13;
a true copy&#13;
attest&#13;
&#13;
John Billing&#13;
Hezekiah Belding&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
--page 4--&#13;
&#13;
to the settlement of Rev.&#13;
David Parsons, by the&#13;
aggreived members of&#13;
the church&#13;
&#13;
Sept 30, 1782&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32815">
                <text>Written communication listing the grievances of members of the First Congregational Church of Amherst to the settlement of the Rev. David Parsons, Jr. as minister for the parish. It is signed by Ebenezer Mattoon, Jr. and John Billings. One of the reasons listed is that "he is not a friend to the independence of America, and of consequence not friendly to those who are opposed to the dominion of Great Britain over the United States." This statement implies that political differences split the First Parish congregation and led to the organization of the Second Congregational Church.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32816">
                <text>Jones Library Special Collections</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32817">
                <text>1782-09-30</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32818">
                <text>This digital file may be used for educational uses, as long as it is not altered in any way. Prior written permission is required for any other use of the digital files from the Jones Library.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32819">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32820">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32821">
                <text>Folder: Parsons, David, Jr. -- Settlement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="55">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44168">
                <text>Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="75">
        <name>1700s</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="108">
        <name>1780s</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="74">
        <name>Revolutionary War</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="40">
        <name>War Peace and Human Rights</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
